Back EMF ya Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

Back EMF ya Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor

1. Kodi kubwerera kwa EMF kumapangidwa bwanji?

Mbadwo wa kumbuyo electromotive mphamvu n'zosavuta kumvetsa. Mfundo yake ndi yakuti kondakitala amadula mizere ya maginito ya mphamvu. Malingana ngati pali kusuntha kwapakati pakati pa ziwirizi, mphamvu ya maginito imatha kuima ndipo kondakita amadula, kapena kondakitala akhoza kuima ndipo mphamvu ya maginito imayenda.

Kwa maginito okhazikika a ma synchronous motors, ma coil awo amakhazikika pa stator (conductor) ndipo maginito okhazikika amakhazikika pa rotor (maginito maginito). Pamene rotor imazungulira, mphamvu ya maginito yopangidwa ndi maginito okhazikika pa rotor idzazungulira, ndipo idzadulidwa ndi ma coils pa stator, kutulutsa mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo mu coils.Nchifukwa chiyani imatchedwa mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo? Monga momwe dzinalo likusonyezera, mayendedwe a mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo E ndi yotsutsana ndi momwe magetsi amayendera U (monga momwe tawonetsera pa Chithunzi 1).

Chithunzi 1

2.Kodi pali ubale wotani pakati pa EMF yakumbuyo ndi ma terminal voltage?

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera pa Chithunzi 1 kuti mgwirizano pakati pa mphamvu ya electromotive yakumbuyo ndi voliyumu yomaliza yomwe ikunyamula ndi:

Kuyesa kwa mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo nthawi zambiri kumachitika pansi pa chikhalidwe chopanda katundu, popanda panopa komanso pa liwiro la 1000 rpm. Back-EMF coefficient ndi gawo lofunikira la mota. Tiyenera kuzindikira apa kuti kumbuyo-EMF pansi pa katundu kumasintha nthawi zonse isanayambe kuthamanga. Ngati mphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive ndi yayikulu kuposa ma voltage terminal, imakhala jenereta ndikutulutsa voteji kunja. Popeza kukana ndi panopa mu ntchito yeniyeni ndi yaing'ono, mtengo wa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive ndi pafupifupi yofanana ndi magetsi otsiriza ndipo amachepetsedwa ndi mtengo wovotera wa magetsi otsiriza.

3. Tanthauzo lakuthupi la mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive

Tangoganizani zomwe zingachitike ngati kumbuyo kwa EMF kulibe? Kuchokera ku equation (1), titha kuwona kuti popanda EMF yakumbuyo, mota yonseyo ndi yofanana ndi chopinga choyera, kukhala chipangizo chomwe chimapanga kutentha kwambiri, zomwe zimasemphana ndi kutembenuka kwamagetsi kwamagetsi kukhala mphamvu zamakina. electric energy kutembenuka equation,UNdi mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera, monga mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera ku batri, mota kapena thiransifoma; I2Rt ndi mphamvu yotaya kutentha m'dera lililonse, yomwe ndi mtundu wa mphamvu yotaya kutentha, yaying'ono ndi yabwino; kusiyana pakati pa mphamvu yamagetsi yolowera ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yotayika, ndi mphamvu yothandiza yofanana ndi mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive..Mwa kuyankhula kwina, kumbuyo kwa EMF kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kupanga mphamvu zothandiza ndipo zimagwirizana mosagwirizana ndi kutaya kutentha. Kuchuluka kwa mphamvu ya kutentha kwa kutentha, kumachepetsa mphamvu yopindulitsa yotheka.Kuyankhula mwachidwi, mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo imadya mphamvu zamagetsi mu dera, koma si "kutaya". Gawo la mphamvu yamagetsi yofanana ndi mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive idzasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu yothandiza pazida zamagetsi, monga mphamvu yamakina amagetsi, mphamvu zamabatire, ndi zina zambiri.

Zitha kuwoneka kuchokera ku izi kuti kukula kwa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive kumatanthauza kuthekera kwa zida zamagetsi kuti atembenuzire mphamvu zonse zowonjezera kukhala mphamvu zothandiza, zomwe zimasonyeza msinkhu wa kutembenuka kwa zipangizo zamagetsi.

4. Kodi kukula kwa mphamvu ya electromotive kumbuyo kumadalira chiyani?

Njira yowerengera ya back electromotive force ndi:

E ndi mphamvu ya coil electromotive, ψ ndi maginito flux, f ndi ma frequency, N ndi chiwerengero cha kutembenuka, ndipo Φ ndi maginito flux.
Malingana ndi ndondomeko yomwe ili pamwambayi, ndikukhulupirira kuti aliyense akhoza kunena zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza kukula kwa mphamvu yakumbuyo ya electromotive. Nayi nkhani yoti mufotokoze mwachidule:

(1) Back EMF ndi wofanana ndi kusintha kwa maginito flux. Kuthamanga kwapamwamba, kusintha kwakukulu kwa kusintha ndi kukulirakulira kwa EMF kumbuyo.

(2) Kuthamanga kwa maginito komweko ndi kofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe ochulukitsa ndi maginito amtundu umodzi. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kumakhala kokulirapo, kuwonjezereka kwa maginito komanso kumbuyo kwa EMF.

(3) Chiwerengero cha matembenuzidwe chikugwirizana ndi ndondomeko yokhotakhota, monga kugwirizana kwa nyenyezi-delta, chiwerengero cha kutembenuka pa slot, chiwerengero cha magawo, chiwerengero cha mano, chiwerengero cha nthambi zofanana, ndi ndondomeko yathunthu kapena yaifupi.

(4) Single-turn maginito flux ndi ofanana ndi magnetomotive mphamvu ogawanika ndi maginito kukana. Choncho, mphamvu ya magnetomotive yaikulu, mphamvu ya maginito yochepetsera njira ya magnetic flux ndi EMF yaikulu kumbuyo.

(5) Kukana kwa maginito kumakhudzana ndi kusiyana kwa mpweya ndi mgwirizano wa pole-slot. Kukula kwapakati kwa mpweya, ndikokulirapo kwa maginito kukana komanso kucheperako kwa EMF kumbuyo. Kulumikizana kwa pole-slot ndikovuta kwambiri ndipo kumafuna kusanthula kwachindunji.

(6) Mphamvu ya maginito imagwirizana ndi maginito otsalira a maginito ndi malo ogwira ntchito a maginito. Kuchuluka kwa maginito otsalira, ndipamwamba kumbuyo kwa EMF. Malo ogwira ntchito ndi okhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka magnetization, kukula ndi kuyika kwa maginito ndipo kumafuna kusanthula kwapadera.

(7) Maginito otsalira amagwirizana ndi kutentha. Kutentha kwapamwamba, kumakhala kochepa kumbuyo kwa EMF.

Mwachidule, zinthu zomwe zikukhudza EMF kumbuyo zikuphatikiza kuthamanga kwa kuzungulira, kuchuluka kwa matembenuzidwe polowera, kuchuluka kwa magawo, kuchuluka kwa nthambi zofananira, phula lathunthu ndi phula lalifupi, maginito amagetsi, kutalika kwa mpweya, kufananiza kwa pole-slot, maginito achitsulo otsalira maginito. , maginito zitsulo makhazikitsidwe ndi kukula, maginito zitsulo magnetization malangizo, ndi kutentha.

5. Momwe mungasankhire kukula kwa mphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive pamapangidwe amoto?

Pamapangidwe agalimoto, kumbuyo kwa EMF E ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ngati EMF yakumbuyo idapangidwa bwino (kukula koyenera, kupotoza kwa mawonekedwe otsika), mota ndiyabwino. EMF yakumbuyo ili ndi zotsatira zingapo zazikulu pamagalimoto:

1. Kukula kwa EMF yam'mbuyo kumatsimikizira malo ofooka a maginito a injini, ndipo malo ofooka a maginito amatsimikizira kugawidwa kwa mapu oyendetsa galimoto.
2. Kusokonekera kwa mawonekedwe amtundu wakumbuyo wa EMF kumakhudza ma torque amotor komanso kusalala kwa torque pamene injini ikuyenda.
3. Kukula kwa EMF yakumbuyo kumatsimikizira mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa torque ya injini, ndipo gawo lakumbuyo la EMF ndilofanana ndi torque coefficient.
Kuchokera apa, zotsutsana zotsatirazi pamapangidwe agalimoto zitha kupezeka:
a. EMF yam'mbuyo ikakhala yayikulu, galimotoyo imatha kukhala ndi torque yayikulu pamlingo wowongolera pakadali pano, koma imatha kutulutsa torque pa liwiro lalikulu, ngakhale siyingafikire liwiro lomwe likuyembekezeka;
b. Pamene EMF yakumbuyo ndi yaying'ono, injiniyo imakhalabe ndi mphamvu zotulutsa m'dera lothamanga kwambiri, koma makokedwe sangathe kukwaniritsidwa pawongoleredwe womwewo pa liwiro lotsika.

6. Zotsatira zabwino za EMF kumbuyo kwa maginito okhazikika a maginito.

Kukhalapo kwa EMF kumbuyo ndikofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito kwa maginito okhazikika. Itha kubweretsa zabwino ndi ntchito zapadera kwa ma mota:
a. Kupulumutsa mphamvu
EMF yakumbuyo yopangidwa ndi maginito okhazikika amagetsi imatha kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi, potero imachepetsa kutaya mphamvu, kuchepetsa kutayika kwa mphamvu, ndikukwaniritsa cholinga chopulumutsa mphamvu.
b. Onjezani torque
Kumbuyo kwa EMF kumatsutsana ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Pamene liwiro la galimoto likuwonjezeka, EMF yakumbuyo imawonjezekanso. Mpweya wobwereranso udzachepetsa kutsika kwa ma motor windings, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kuwonjezeka kwamakono. Izi zimalola injini kupanga torque yowonjezera ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito agalimoto.
c. Reverse deceleration
Pambuyo okhazikika maginito galimoto kutaya mphamvu, chifukwa cha kukhalapo kumbuyo EMF, akhoza kupitiriza kupanga maginito flux ndi kupanga rotor kupitiriza azungulire, amene amapanga zotsatira za kumbuyo EMF n'zosiyana liwiro, amene amathandiza kwambiri ntchito zina, monga monga zida zamakina ndi zida zina.

Mwachidule, kumbuyo kwa EMF ndichinthu chofunikira kwambiri pamakina okhazikika amagetsi. Zimabweretsa zabwino zambiri pamakina okhazikika a maginito ndipo zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakupanga ndi kupanga ma mota. Kukula ndi mawonekedwe a mafunde a kumbuyo kwa EMF kumadalira zinthu monga kapangidwe, kupanga, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito makina okhazikika amagetsi. Kukula ndi mawonekedwe akumbuyo kwa EMF kumakhudza kwambiri magwiridwe antchito ndi kukhazikika kwagalimoto.

Anhui Mingteng Permanent Magnet Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd.ndi katswiri wopanga okhazikika maginito synchronous Motors. malo athu luso ali oposa 40 R&D ogwira ntchito, ogaŵikana m'madipatimenti atatu: kamangidwe, ndondomeko, ndi kuyezetsa, okhazikika mu kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, kamangidwe, ndi ndondomeko luso la okhazikika maginito synchronous Motors. Pogwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu opangira akatswiri komanso mapulogalamu odzipangira okha okhazikika amagetsi opangira maginito, panthawi ya mapangidwe agalimoto ndi kupanga, kukula ndi mawonekedwe amphamvu yakumbuyo yama electromotive kudzaganiziridwa mosamala malinga ndi zosowa zenizeni komanso momwe amagwirira ntchito kuti awonetsetse. magwiridwe antchito ndi kukhazikika kwagalimoto ndikuwongolera mphamvu zamagalimoto.

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